Thanks to improvements in cancer screening, colorectal cancer deaths are declining in individuals over 50. Unfortunately, while still relatively rare (currently affecting less than 1% of the younger population), colorectal cancer is a growing concern for people under 50.
Understanding your risk factors is often essential to early cancer detection and successful treatment outcomes or prevention, regardless of age.
Risk factors are so important that Dr. Prem Chattoo at Hudson River Gastroenterology in NYC often recommends a screening colonoscopy based on both your risks and age.
Here’s a list of factors Dr. Chattoo considers when recommending colorectal cancer screening.
Most cases of colorectal cancer occur after 50. However, as noted, younger adults are also at risk.
Dr. Chattoo follows the American Cancer Society's guidelines, including regular screenings starting at age 45, earlier if you have additional risk factors.
Although at-home studies are available, colonoscopy remains the favored alternative for colorectal cancer screening. The study provides a real-time, high-definition view of the large intestinal lining.
This allows Dr. Chattoo to check for polyps and other abnormalities that could indicate precancerous changes not apparent on at-home tests.
He can also remove polyps during the colonoscopy or take tissue samplings (biopsies) from concerning areas, saving time in diagnosing and treating irregularities before they develop into cancer.
If you have a family history of colorectal cancer or certain types of polyps, your colon cancer risk is higher. The risk is particularly significant if a close family member (parent, sibling, or child) was diagnosed before 60.
In this case, Dr. Chattoo may recommend earlier or more frequent screenings to catch changes early and improve treatment outcomes.
A history of polyps or colorectal cancer increases the likelihood of developing it again. Certain polyps, like adenomatous polyps, are more likely to become cancerous.
Follow-up screenings are essential in this case to monitor and remove new polyps as soon as possible.
Individuals with IBD, such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, are at a higher risk. Chronic inflammation and other problems related to these conditions can lead to changes in the colon lining, increasing cancer risk.
Dr. Chattoo works closely with individuals diagnosed with IBD to ensure they receive more frequent screenings than the general population.
Diets that contain an abundance of red meat and highly processed foods can increase your risk of colorectal cancer. Similarly, obesity, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption are linked to higher risks.
Conversely, a fiber-rich diet with plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables supports colon health. Establishing healthy exercise habits, avoiding tobacco, and limiting alcohol can further reduce your risk.
If you have type 2 diabetes, you’re more likely to develop colorectal cancer, possibly because of chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and other common issues related to uncontrolled diabetes.
Controlling blood sugar levels with diet, weight loss, medication, and regular screenings can reduce your risks.
Exercise helps regulate weight, improve metabolism, and may reduce inflammation — all beneficial for colon health.
Schedule an evaluation with Dr. Chattoo today to determine your best course of action for reducing your risk of colorectal cancer. Call the office or request an appointment online.
